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Lawmakers look again at possible tobacco tax increase

By Shauna Johnson, Metro News
CHARLESTON, W.Va. — Tobacco users may be asked to pay more to fund health programs in the Mountain State.  A proposal to add to West Virginia’s tobacco tax is again being taken up at the State House.
Del. Don Perdue (D-Wayne, 19) has introduced a bill that would raise the state tax on a pack of cigarettes by $1, taking it to $1.55 total or equal to the national average.  On all other tobacco products, an excise tax equal to 50 percent of the wholesale price would be imposed.
Perdue said the state needs the estimated more than $90 million such a tax increase could generate every year.
“I think the interest is very high and getting higher,” he said of the potential for passage of the bill which has been proposed several times in recent years.  “Whether there’s enough there (for passage) this year, in 2014, that remains to be seen.”
As proposed, for ten years, the first $90 million generated from the increase would be designated for the Bureau for Medical Services with $6 million going into tobacco control annually and $1 million per year for five years going to the West Virginia University School of Public Health.
Any additional money beyond that would be allocated as follows: 30 percent for oral health improvement programming, 30 percent for substance abuse prevention and treatment programming, 24 percent for in-home elderly care services and 16 percent for early childhood development programming.
“We just saw it exacerbated by this water crisis,” said Perdue on Tuesday’s MetroNews “Talkline.”  “We need the money to do the things that have to be done for our population.”
The House Health and Human Resources Committee, which Perdue leads, was scheduled to take up HB 4191 during a Wednesday afternoon meeting at the State Capitol.
Perdue has also proposed a separate bill to raise the state tax on alcohol.
http://wvmetronews.com/2014/01/28/lawmakers-look-again-at-possible-tobacco-tax-increase/

Colorado lawmakers look to outlaw tobacco use for those under 21

By Lynn Bartels
The Denver Post
A bill that would raise the age for buying cigarettes and other tobacco products from 18 to 21 is intended to try to keep young kids from picking up the habit.
The bipartisan measure, from two Democrats in the House and two in the Senate, could be introduced as early as Tuesday.
Jodi L. Radke of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids said most 18-year-olds are seniors in high school.
“They are able to go off campus during the lunch hour and buy tobacco products and oftentimes they are coming back to use them across the street or near campus and sharing them with their peers,” she said. “The push behind this is to delay the initiation with kids; 95 percent of tobacco users begin using tobacco before the age of 21.”
The bill will cover tobacco products, including cigarettes, electronic cigarettes and chewing tobacco. It does not increase penalties, only the age.
An underage person who buys a tobacco product commits a Class 2 petty offense and faces a $100 fine or community service. It also is a petty offense to sell to a minor, with fines varying depending on the number of offenses.
In addition to Colorado, legislatures in Utah and Maryland will take up the issue this year, Radke said. Already, New York City and Hawaii County in Hawaii have raised the age from 18 to 21.
The sponsors of the Colorado measure are Sens. Steve King, R-Grand Junction, and John Kefalas, D-Fort Collins, and Reps. Beth McCann, D-Denver, and Cheri Gerou, R-Evergreen.
“Drinking is 21. Marijuana is 21. Gambling is 21. We’re just making tobacco 21 also,” King said. “It’s a consistency across those laws.”
He added that studies show people who haven’t started smoking by age 18 generally don’t start.
Colorado lawmakers look to outlaw tobacco use for those under 21 – The Denver Post http://www.denverpost.com/politics/ci_25006278/colorado-lawmakers-look-outlaw-tobacco-use-those-under#ixzz2rp7x2OXR 

War on smoking, at 50, turns to teens: Our view

The Editorial Board, USATODAY

Want kids to quit? Raise cigarette taxes. It works.

The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories — but not for everyone.
As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten adults in the U.S. smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. But some states — Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama, to name just a few — seem to have missed the message that smoking is deadly.
Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was kick-started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking, long hidden by a duplicitous industry, were just starting to emerge.
The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoking. Then, smokers were cool. Today, many are outcasts, banished from restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.
The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning 19.
Long before health advocates discovered this, the tobacco industry knew that high taxes kill smoking as surely as cigarettes kill smokers. “Of all the concerns … taxation … alarms us the most,” says an internal Philip Morris document, turned over in a gaggle of anti-smoking lawsuits in the 1990s.
The real-life evidence of taxing power is overwhelming, too. The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of $2.42 on every pack — three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.
New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12% of teens smoke — far below the national average of 18%. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low (60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York’s. Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records.
Foes of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor. True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking — far worse than a tax. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.
Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avert 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3,000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won.
USA TODAY’s editorial opinions are decided by its Editorial Board, separate from the news staff. Most editorials are coupled with an opposing view — a unique USA TODAY feature.
http://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2014/01/08/war-on-smoking-50th-anniversary-cigarette-tax-editorials-debates/4381299/

Triple tobacco taxes? Researchers say yes to save 200M lives

By Cheryl K. Chumley – The Washington Times
Tripling tobacco taxes would save 200 million smokers around the world from premature deaths over the course of the next century, researchers say.
That’s because the higher costs would make it nearly impossible for many to afford the habit and at the same time serve as a deterrent to youth from taking their first puffs, scientists said, AOL Money reported.
The scientists said they reviewed 63 different studies about the causes and effects of tobacco smoking around the world — and discovered a link between lower smoking statistics and higher priced product. Raising the price of cigarettes by 50 percent lowers the rate of smoking by about a fifth, the scientists found.
So now study authors suggest that prices of tobacco should be raised significantly, by boosting taxes of the product by three times the present amount.
“The two certainties in life are death and taxes,” said study co-author Professor Sir Richard Peto, from the nonprofit Cancer Research UK, in the AOL Money report. “We want higher tobacco taxes and fewer tobacco deaths. It would help children not to start, and it would help many adults to stop while there’s still time.”
They estimate the death rate could be cut by almost half if the tax rate increase is accepted.
“Globally, about half of all young men and one in 10 of all young women become smokers and, particularly in developing countries, relatively few quit,” Mr. Peto said, in AOL Money. “If they keep smoking, about half will be killed by it. But if they stop before 40, they’ll reduce their risk of dying form tobacco by 90 percent.”
The researchers say that in the European Union alone, 100,000 lives per year of those under the age of 70 could be saved by doubling the cost of cigarettes.
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/jan/2/triple-tobacco-taxes-researchers-say-save-lives/

Trebling [tripling] tobacco tax 'could prevent 200 million early deaths'

By: Kate Kelland, Reuters
LONDON (Reuters) – Trebling [tripling] tobacco tax globally would cut smoking by a third and prevent 200 million premature deaths this century from lung cancer and other diseases, researchers said on Wednesday.
In a review in the New England Journal of Medicine, scientists from the charity Cancer Research UK (CRUK) said hiking taxes by a large amount per cigarette would encourage people to quit smoking altogether rather than switch to cheaper brands, and help stop young people from taking up the habit.
As well as causing lung cancer, which is often fatal, smoking is the largest cause of premature death from chronic conditions like heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure.
Tobacco kills around 6 million people a year now, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and that toll is expected to rise above 8 million a year by 2030 if nothing is done to curb smoking rates.
Richard Peto, an epidemiologist at CRUK who led the study, said aggressively increasing tobacco taxes would be especially effective in poorer and middle-income countries where the cheapest cigarettes are relatively affordable.
Of the 1.3 billion people around the world who smoke, most live in poorer countries where often governments have also not yet introduced smoke-free legislation.
But increasing tobacco tax would also be effective in richer countries, Peto said, citing evidence from France, which he said halved cigarette consumption from 1990 to 2005 by raising taxes well above inflation.
“The two certainties in life are death and taxes. We want higher tobacco taxes and fewer tobacco deaths,” he said in a statement. “It would help children not to start, and it would help many adults to stop while there’s still time.”
While smokers lose at least 10 years of life, quitting before age 40 avoids more than 90 percent of the increased health risk run by people who continue smoking. Stopping before age 30 avoids more than 97 percent of the risk.
Governments around the world have agreed to prioritize reducing premature deaths from cancer and other chronic diseases in the United Nations General Assembly and in the WHO’s World Health Assembly in 2013. They also agreed to a target of reducing smoking by a third by 2025.
The CRUK analysis found that doubling the price of cigarettes in the next decade through increased taxes would cut worldwide consumption by about a third by that target, and at the same time increase annual government revenues from tobacco by a third from around $300 billion to $400 billion.
This extra income, the researchers suggested, could be spent on boosting health care budgets.
Peto noted that the international tobacco industry makes about $50 billion in profits each year, saying this equated to “approximately $10,000 per death from smoking”.
“Worldwide, around half a billion children and adults under the age of 35 are already – or soon will be – smokers, and many will be hooked on tobacco for life. So there’s an urgent need for governments to find ways to stop people starting and to help smokers give up,” said Harpal Kumar, CRUK’s chief executive.
He said the study, which examined 63 research papers on the causes and consequences of tobacco use in many different countries, showed tobacco taxes are “a hugely powerful lever”.
They are also potentially a triple win, Kumar said, cutting the number of people who smoke and die from their addiction, reducing the health care burden and costs linked to smoking and at the same time increasing government income.
(Reporting by Kate Kelland; Editing by Janet Lawrence)
http://www.grandforksherald.com/event/article/id/281348/

Tobacco down among youths; marijuana up

By Cheryl Wetzstein – The Washington Times
More and more younger Americans are snuffing out their cigarettes — at least those filled with tobacco, a new national survey suggests.
The number of 8th, 10th and 12th graders who said they smoked tobacco cigarettes in the last 30 days fell again — to fewer than one in 10 adolescents — in 2013, according to Monitoring the Future (MTF), an annual survey of more than 40,000 students.
Since most smokers begin tobacco habits at a young age, the new data are being welcomed by public health officials, as it shows a long-term trend away from smoking.
Since the peak year of 1997, “the proportion of students currently smoking has dropped by two-thirds — an extremely important development for the health and longevity of this generation of Americans,” said Lloyd Johnston, principal investigator of the MTF and a research professor at the University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research.
The MTF results on young-adult marijuana use, however, were more troubling, researchers said.
More teens in all grades took a sanguine view of marijuana — 60 percent of high-school seniors said smoking pot was not harmful.
At the same time, the MTF showed that more students were smoking marijuana: For eighth graders, use of marijuana in the past month rose from 5.8 percent in 2008 to 7 percent in 2013. For 10th graders, past-month usage was up from 13.8 percent to 18 percent, and for 12th graders, it rose 19.4 percent to 22.7 percent.
Seeing more 13- and 14-year-olds using marijuana is a significant cause for alarm, said Nora D. Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Young teens, whose experimentation with marijuana leads to regular use, “are setting themselves up for declines in IQ and diminished ability for success in life,” said Dr. Volkow, adding that marijuana use can interfere with memory and cognitive functionality.
Marijuana is not a benign substance, added Gil Kerlikowske, director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy. He and Dr. Volkow highlighted MTF findings that, in states where marijuana can be prescribed as a medicinal product, a third of the marijuana-smoking 12th graders said one of the ways they got the product was through “someone else’s” prescription.
Marijuana, which can act as a stimulant, depressant or hallucinogen in humans, remains illegal under federal law. However, 20 states and the District permit marijuana use for medicinal purposes — such as reducing nausea and pain related to cancer treatments — and Colorado and Washington state have legalized the production, sale and use of recreational marijuana. Groups like the Marijuana Policy Project want to see marijuana products regulated like tobacco and alcohol products.
In August, the Justice Department said it would not target the marijuana industry in states where it is legal as long as states keep pot away from children, other states, criminal cartels and federal property.
Dr. Volkow said Wednesday her agency would be also be watching emergency-room admissions, traffic accidents and school-performance statistics to see if they are affected by more liberal marijuana laws.
In other highlights of the MTF:
• Fewer teens said they used synthetic marijuana products, known by such names as K2 and Spice. Public officials have raised alarms about the dangers associated with these cheap, new drugs.
• Current alcohol use fell in all grades — to 10.2 percent among eighth graders, 25.7 percent in 10th graders and 39.2 percent in 12th graders.
• Non-medical use of prescription drugs, like Vicodin and OxyContin, dropped again.
http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/dec/18/tobacco-down-among-youths-marijuana-up/#ixzz2nw9i3fhm
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Study: Teens' E-Cigarette Use Promotes Heavy Tobacco Use

By: Jessica Berman
WASHINGTON — According to the first-ever study on the use of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, by young people, researchers have found that the devices, marketed as an alternative to real cigarettes, appear to fuel heavy smoking among youth.
E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that look like cigarettes and deliver a smokeless aerosol of nicotine, flavorings and other chemicals. They are promoted as a safer alternative to cigarettes and an aid to stopping smoking.
However, a new study looking at the use of electronic cigarettes in nearly 76,000 Korean teenagers found they are less likely to have succeeded in kicking the habit and that electronic cigarettes made them heavier smokers.
Stan Glantz directs the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education at the University of California, San Francisco.  He is also the senior author of the study.
Glantz said that while there is evidence electronic cigarettes help a small percentage of adult smokers stop, the same is not true for adolescents, who he says are being bombarded with appealing ads.
“They are being marketed with flavors, with images of sex and independence, and also marketed with the claim they will help you quit smoking and, in fact, the kids who are trying to quit smoking were more likely to be using e-cigarettes. But, as I said before, [they are] much less likely to actually quit,” said Glantz.
Glantz said that the nicotine in e-cigarettes makes them addictive even though users do not inhale as many toxic chemicals. He also claimed that tobacco companies, which manufacture the devices, take advantage of the lack of regulation of e-cigarettes to try to hook new smokers.
“We have the kind of Wild West marketing that we did in the bad old days for cigarettes. And the kids are clearly responding to that, and youth use of e-cigarettes in Korea is going up very rapidly just as it did here in the United States,” said Glantz.
U.S. regulators report the number of middle and high school students who use e-cigarettes doubled from 2011 to 2012, to a total of 1.7 million students.
Regulations to ban the smokeless devices are being proposed in Chicago, which may become the first U.S. city to restrict the sale of electronic cigarettes.
The article on e-cigarette use among Korean teens is published in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
http://www.voanews.com/content/study-teens-e-cigarette-promotes-heavy-tobacco-use/1798525.html

Great American Smokeout an Opportunity for Congress to Decrease National Tobacco Burden by Increasing the Federal Cigarette Tax

Statement from John R. Seffrin, PhD, CEO of the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network (ACS CAN) 
WASHINGTON, D.C. – November 21, 2013 – “Today is the American Cancer Society’s Great American Smokeout, a day that smokers are encouraged to make a plan to quit their deadly habit and lawmakers are urged to support proven tobacco control policies that save lives. The American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network (ACS CAN) is urging members of Congress to support a proposal that would increase the federal cigarette tax by 94 cents and prevent 626,000 children from smoking-related death. S. 826, originally co-sponsored by Sens. Blumenthal, Harkin and Durbin, would also raise taxes on other tobacco products. ACS CAN estimates that the proposed cigarette tax increase would prevent 1.7 million children from becoming addicted smokers.
“Raising the price of tobacco products is one of the most effective approaches to encourage people to quit and prevent kids from picking up the deadly habit in the first place. Research has consistently shown that every 10 percent increase in the price of cigarettes reduces youth smoking by 6.5 percent and overall cigarette consumption by about 4 percent.
“The benefits of an increase in the federal tobacco tax are not just limited to children. Congress can reduce the number of adult smokers by nearly 2.6 million over 10 years by passing a 94-cent cigarette tax increase. Furthermore, this proposal comes at a time when there is a lot of discussion about how to reduce health care costs. ACS CAN estimates show that a 94-cent increase would save the country more than $63 billion in long-term health care costs from fewer youth and adult smokers, in addition to generating more than $78 billion in new revenue.
“January will mark the 50th anniversary of the landmark U.S. Surgeon General’s report that scientifically linked smoking to disease and death. The smoking rate has been cut in half in the ensuing decades, but more than 443,000 Americans will still die from smoking-related diseases this year. Tobacco use remains the nation’s most preventable cause of death.  Increasing the federal tobacco tax will save lives, save money and prevent numerous tobacco-related diseases. There has never been a better time for Congress to become heroes in the fight against tobacco use by helping to protect kids from lifelong addictions.”
ACS CAN debuted a new advertising campaign in Washington, D.C., this month that challenges Congress to become heroes and save lives by increasing the federal tobacco tax. Click here to view the ad: ht.ly/qivrQ.
ACS CAN, the nonprofit, nonpartisan advocacy affiliate of the American Cancer Society, supports evidence-based policy and legislative solutions designed to eliminate cancer as a major health problem. ACS CAN works to encourage elected officials and candidates to make cancer a top national priority. ACS CAN gives ordinary people extraordinary power to fight cancer with the training and tools they need to make their voices heard. For more information, visit www.acscan.org.

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FDA: cigarette of the future could be non-addictive

By Deborah Kotz |  GLOBE STAFF

The US Food and Drug Administration submitted plans several weeks ago to increase regulation of tobacco products including chewing tobacco, cigars, and likely electronic cigarettes — which produce a nicotine vapor that’s inhaled. While the agency hasn’t announced what those restrictions will be — since they’re being reviewed by the White House budget office — Mitch Zeller, the director for the FDA Center for Tobacco Products, sat down for an interview Monday to discuss efforts to help people stop smoking and to keep kids from starting in the first place.
Here’s a run-down of some of the things on his agenda, with a few wrinkles that still need to be ironed out.
1. Create a non-addictive cigarette. We have the authority given to us by Congress to reduce nicotine in cigarettes down to nearly zero,” Zeller said. Since nicotine is the addictive chemical in cigarettes, teens who start smoking products that are almost nicotine-free could, in theory, never get hooked in the first place. Researchers now have access to 9 million cigarettes with varying amounts of nicotine to start testing whether products with lower amounts will lead to less addiction among new smokers. But don’t expect an ultra-low-nicotine product for at least a few years, Zeller added, since the studies are just beginning.
The wrinkle: Smokers already hooked on nicotine might find the new products seriously lacking, and they might need better nicotine replacement products than those currently on the market to help them overcome their cravings.

2. Run ads to scare teens away from smoking. Teens may think they already know about the dangers of smoking, but that doesn’t prevent 3,000 12- to 17-year-olds every day from lighting up for the first time. The FDA is planning an ad campaign for early next that is intended to make the thought of smoking turn teens’ stomachs. Expect, Zeller hinted, to see an anti-glamour campaign: ugly photos of smokers with rotting yellow teeth, wrinkles, and tar-stained fingernails.

The wrinkle: Teens still see their favorite movie stars — yes, you, Nicole Kidman, and you, Jennifer Aniston — glamourously smoking in photos and on the silver screen, so it may be tough for a government public safety announcement to effectively counter those influences.
3. Loosen warning labels on nicotine-replacement products. Zeller said the FDA might want to consider loosening the labeling on over-the-counter nicotine patches and gum, which currently state that users should not use them for longer than 8 to 12 weeks without consulting a doctor. “We need to look at how other Westernized nations, like Great Britain, are looking at nicotine,” he said. Other countries take the tack that smokers may always be addicted to nicotine and may need to be on some replacement product for life — which is far safer for them than continuing to inhale cancer-causing chemicals in tobacco.
The wrinkle: The FDA hasn’t determined how e-cigarettes should fit into the array of smoking-cessation products. Some smokers have told Zeller that the battery-operated devices are the only things that work to get them to stop smoking tar-filled cigarettes. But scant research has been done on the products to determine first, whether the vapor they release is safe to inhale, and second, whether e-cigarettes deliver the same quick nicotine rush to the brain that smokers seek. Those nicotine bursts aren’t delivered by FDA-approved nicotine replacement products.
4. Ramp up enforcement. The FDA has been making vigorous efforts to crack down on retailers who are selling cigarettes to minors. More than 10,000 stores throughout the U.S. have received warning letters since 2010, Zeller said, after minors serving as undercover agents were able to purchase cigarettes without an ID check. Hundreds of stores in Massachusetts were also warned that they would be fined if they didn’t change their practices.
The wrinkle: It’s tough to know how well the efforts have worked. The decline in smoking rates among teens has largely leveled off and many are still getting their hands on tobacco products.
http://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/2013/11/05/fda-cigarette-future-could-non-addictive/sEZZVH2vR9JJ6OKviItX4J/story.html

Maryland should hike tobacco taxes again

By , Washington Post

BOOSTING TAXES on cigarettes is an effective way to cut smoking rates among adults and, even more, among those college-age and younger, along with tobacco-related disease and death. A case in point is Maryland, where the incidence of smoking fell by a third from 1998 to 2010, a period during which the state more than quintupled its cigarette tax.
By the same token, states that have allowed cigarette levies to remain low, under the sway of Big Tobacco or anti-tax sentiment, generally suffer from higher smoking rates and the resulting impact on public health. Virginia’s cigarette tax is second-lowest in the nation, after Missouri’s; it is an example of a state that extends its smokers a license to kill — themselves.
Pleased with the results in Maryland, anti-
tobacco advocates want to build on their success. On the merits, they have an easy case to make. After the state doubled its levy in 2008, to $2 per pack, cigarette sales dropped sharply. Now advocates want to raise the per pack tax again, to $3. Lawmakers should take note.
Higher taxes are particularly effective in cutting tobacco use among younger smokers, whose habits are less entrenched and who are more sensitive to price. As a direct result of the 2008 tax increase, youth smoking rates plummeted by almost a third in two years. In 2009, just 12 percent of Maryland youths were smokers, compared with a national rate of almost 20 percent.
And while adult smokers are somewhat less sensitive to price increases, Maryland’s 2008 tax hike helped cut the number of adult smokers by about 13 percent.
Complacency is the wrong course of action. Anti-tobacco advocates point out that following the big drop after 2008, smoking rates in Maryland have started to inch up again over the past few years. That coincides with an 80 percent cut in spending on the state’s main anti-smoking program, which aims to help people to quit or not start in the first place. Despite its relatively high tax rate on cigarettes, Maryland ranks just 34th nationally among the states in spending on its anti-smoking program.
Each of the three increases in Maryland’s cigarette tax over the past dozen years has been followed immediately by a sharp drop in sales. True, some Maryland smokers may simply cross the border to buy their cartons in low-tax Virginia. But more have quit or cut back, as state-by-state smoking rates suggest.
The tobacco lobby remains strong enough to push back against further increases. In Annapolis, a bill this year to raise the state’s per-pack tax to $3 died in committee. A similar effort in the legislative session starting in January may suffer the same fate. Anti-smoking advocates are focusing their efforts on the next year or two in the legislative calendar. They should be helped both by the counter-example of Virginia — and by the facts.
Washington Post Editorials –  Editorials represent the views of The Washington Post as an institution, as determined through debate among members of the editorial board. News reporters and editors never contribute to editorial board discussions, and editorial board members don’t have any role in news coverage.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/maryland-should-hike-tobacco-taxes-again/2013/11/03/820e5ffc-433b-11e3-a624-41d661b0bb78_story.html